stylohyoid muscle pain stylohyoid muscle pain

Eraslan C, Ozer MA, Govsa F, Alagoz AK, Calli C. Surg Radiol Anat. J Craniofac Surg. It is possible to shorten the styloid process by an external or intraoral approach. Its function is to draw the hyoid bone in a backward position to elevate the tongue, primarily when swallowing. [4], Classic Eagle syndrome is present on only one side; however, it may rarely be present on both sides. Epub 2014 Aug 8. For people who choose not to undergo surgery or for whom surgery does not work, Eagle syndrome may be a chronic condition. Physiopedia articles are best used to find the original sources of information (see the references list at the bottom of the article). About 80 percent of people who seek treatment for Eagle syndrome get relief, regardless of the treatment they receive. Dissection of the muscles of the palate from behind. Entrapment of nerves by the stylohyoid complex is an uncommon cause of neuropathic jaw & neck pain. Posterior surface from the styloid process from the temporal bone. Visualizing the styloid process on a CT scan with 3D reconstruction is the suggested imaging technique. Temporal styloid process shown in red. Focus on the key facts, cement your knowledge and improve retention using Kenhubs muscle anatomy reference charts! Inferior surface of left temporal bone. It is part of the suprahyoid muscle group which connects the hyoid bone to the mandible and skull. The pain caused by Eagle syndrome is a type of nerve pain, which means it is caused by unusual nerve signals, not damage to the painful area. One notable one is myofascial pain syndrome, which causes severe pain . In these cases, turning the head can cause compression of the artery or a tear inside the blood vessel, which restricts blood flow and can potentially lead to a transient ischemic attack or stroke. Common presenting complaints were lateral neck and oropharyngeal pain exacerbated by tongue and head movements. The pain may get exacerbated by movements such as speaking, swallowing, yawning, or head-turning. Lift the chin toward the chest. When refering to evidence in academic writing, you should always try to reference the primary (original) source. Accessibility It is a severe form of a sinus infection that usually affects, A look at tightness in the throat, an uncomfortable feeling that has a range of causes. Treatment of acute orofacial pain with lower cervical intramuscular bupivacaine injections: a 1-year retrospective review of 114 patients. Imaging studies, such as X-rays, can help a doctor view the styloid process and surrounding structures. . The stylohyoid muscle is a slender muscle, lying anterior and superior of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. ), Left temporal bone. The stylohyoid muscle has also been associated with head and neck pain but the digastric and . [11], Radiograph, lateral view showing elongated stylohyoid process and stylohyoid ligament ossification, Radiograph, lateral view showing joint-like formation in ossified stylohyoid ligament, CT scan, coronal section showing bilateral extended styloid process and stylohyoid ligament ossification (incidental finding), 3D-reconstructed CT scan showing bilateral stylohyoid ligament ossification, 3D reconstructed CT scan showing elongated styloid process (right side). This site needs JavaScript to work properly. It is thin and slender and is attached to the hyoid bone, which lies just below the lower jaw, or mandible. You may disable these by changing your browser settings, but The pain may radiate into the throat, tongue, or, Stylohyoid muscle is supplied by facial nerve. There is also a slightly increased risk of damage to surrounding blood vessels. It is part of the suprahyoid muscle group which connects the hyoid bone to the mandible and skull. . Register now [2], Stylohyoid receives its blood supply from branches of the facial, posterior auricular and occipital arteries (branches of the external carotid artery)[2][3], Get Top Tips Tuesday and The Latest Physiopedia updates, The content on or accessible through Physiopedia is for informational purposes only. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Stylalgia: Our Experience of 101 Cases Treated by Intraoral Styloidectomy. Epub 2015 Apr 21. They may be relieved by infiltration of lidocaine into the tonsillar bed. Repeat the exercise for five repetitions before relaxing. 2016 May;20(5):855-6. doi: 10.1002/ejp.829. Eagle syndrome is characterized by recurrent pain in the oropharynx and face due to an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament. Ozturk MB, Ertekin C, Uzuneyupoglu O, Tezcan M. Eagle's Syndrome and Ernest Syndrome - When is Prolotherapy the ideal option?. Atypical chronic head and neck pain: don't forget Eagle's syndrome. We avoid using tertiary references. Surgical intervention directed at any pathologic point to disrupt this complex relieves tension and offers patients Tongue retraction is important during swallowing (deglutition) because it pushes the food bolus back towards the soft palate. Conclusions: These findings suggest that this surgery may be a good option for reducing symptoms. 2023 RehabMyPatient.com - All Rights Reserved | Privacy policy. The intermediate tendon typically courses through the stylohyoid muscle, but variations are found lying medial or lateral to it. The muscle lifts. . In this article, well explore the anatomy of the stylohyoid muscle. Along its path, stylohyoid runs alongside and just superior to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. Authors' reply to the comment by Fusconi etal. FOIA Stylohyoid muscle (musculus stylohyoideus) -Yousun Koh, Attachments and some relations of the stylohyoid muscle - Paul Kim. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [15], Patients with this syndrome tend to be between 30 and 50 years of age but it has been recorded in teenagers and in patients > 75 years old. Stylohyoid is a paired muscle located in the anterior triangle of the neck. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published in: 2019 Apr 10;11(4):e4430. In addition, the stylohyoid helps to keep the pharynx open during inspiration by tensing the floor of the mouth. For more detailed information about the cookies we use, see our Cookies page Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies [13] A partial styloidectomy is the preferred approach. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Pathologic conditions associated with the stylohyoid muscle may result in cervical and pharyngeal symptoms such as neck pain laterally in the area of the angle of the mandible, submandibular space, and anterior upper neck. Epub 2020 Aug 26. Follow-up time of greater than 1 year is reported in 5 of 7 patients. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [6] Medical management may include the use of pain and anti-inflammatory medications, antidepressants, and/or corticosteroids. Articulation of the mandible. On . Description The Mylohyoideus (Mylohyoid muscle), flat and triangular, is situated immediately above the anterior belly of the Digastricus, and forms, with its fellow of the opposite side, a muscular floor for the cavity of the mouth. [1] It is one of the suprahyoid muscles. 1 Introduction. We observed a further variant characterized by a styloid elongation coursing adjacent to the transverse process of C1, causing significant . Chen, R., Liang, F., Han, P., Cai, Q., Yu, S., & Huang, X. The .gov means its official. Eagle syndrome is not a progressive illness and will not cause other medical conditions. Surgery to shorten the styloid process is the primary treatment for Eagle syndrome. With medical management, symptoms can improve but are unlikely to disappear completely. In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. The stylohyoid among the triangles of the neck. Careers. Would you like email updates of new search results? The depressor labii inferioris muscle is a four-sided facial muscle located in the jaw area that draws the lower lip down and to the side. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? doi:10.1016/j.sdentj.2010.10.006. [12] The enlarged styloid may be visible on an orthopantogram or a lateral soft tissue X ray of the neck. 2013 Mar;41(2):162-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2012.07.004. Symptoms following surgical intervention. The ligament of stylohyoid muscle which is fibrous sometimes ossifies partially leading to Eagle syndrome (stylohyoid syndrome).. Eagle syndrome present in 4% population presents with mostly unilateral sharp shooting pain in jaw radiating into throat, tongue or ear leading to difficulty in deglutition, sore throat, and tinnitus especially on . The stylohyoid muscle is extremely variable. and transmitted securely. Styloid-carotid artery syndrome treated surgically with Piezosurgery: a case report and literature review. Various medical conditions can cause damage to the stylohyoid muscle, especially if there are surrounding tissues involved. Main outcome measure: When coding for shortening of the styloid process use CPT code 21499 . Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! 1993 Jan;21(1):19-30. The tissues in the throat rub on the styloid process during the act of swallowing with resulting pain along the glossopharyngeal nerve. An official website of the United States government. GARD also note that Eagle syndrome is more common in women than in men, with about three times as many women as men having symptoms. Surgical intervention directed at any pathologic point to disrupt this complex relieves tension and offers patients relief of symptoms. In this article, we examine the symptoms of Eagle syndrome along with the possible causes. This can be due to congenitally long styloid processes, or scarring after surgery or traumatic injury. [4] More recent studies have reported the incidence of styloid elongation to be as high as 54%. The two slips reunite before reaching the insertion point, which is located superiorly to the attachment of the superior belly of omohyoid muscle. [7][8][9], Eagle syndrome occurs due to elongation of the styloid process or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament, potentially compressing the nearby carotid arteryor glossopharyngeal nerve. The Latin translation of 'quadriceps' is 'four headed,' as the group, The palmaris brevis muscle lies just underneath the skin. Epub 2017 Feb 2. The stylohyoid complex connects the hyoid bone important in swallowing & tongue movement to the head. government site. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies This MNT Knowledge Center article looks at cricopharyngeal spasm, a condition in which the muscles in the throat spasm uncontrollably. Nicola McLaren MSc Eur J Pain. Adrian Rad BSc (Hons) The stylohyoid muscle elevates and retracts hyoid bone. Myofascial pain syndrome can result in severe pain in the stylohyoid muscle; treatment includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce pain and inflammation. In certain instances, medication will be enough to control the debilitating pain that relates to myofascial pain syndrome. The styloid process is a cylindrical, slender, needle-like projection of varying lengths averaging 2 to 3 cm. [1], It arises by a small tendon from the posterior surface of the styloid process, near its base.[2]. page'. This SCM pain that is caused by TrP's in the posterior belly of the digastric is sometimes called 'pseudo-sternocleidomastoid pain'. Relatively few conditions affect the stylohyoid muscle. set a cookie on your device to remember your preferences. The overall success rate for treatment (medical or surgical) is about 80%. Author: Journal of Occupational Medicine . Valerio CS, Peyneau PD, de Sousa AC, Cardoso FO, de Oliveira DR, Taitson PF, Manzi FR. For Marginal Mandibular Nerve Palsy, stylohyoid muscle transfer is a possible second surgical option whereas the digastric muscle is the most preferred option. It belongs to the suprahyoid muscles group which includes the mylohyoid, geniohyoid and stylohyoid muscles. The diagnosis of the vascular type is more difficult and requires an expert opinion. The pathologic areas were surgically addressed through transoral or cervical approaches. [2] It shares this muscle's innervation by the facial nerve,[3] and functions to draw the hyoid bone backwards and elevate the tongue. The stylohyoid muscle is given instructions by the facial nerve. Kamil RJ, Gonik NJ, Lee JS, Shifteh K, Smith RV. Anterior view. The muscle travels anteroinferiorly and medially, attaching to the body of hyoid bone, right at its intersection with the greater horn of hyoid bone. Standring, S. (2016). or speech therapy can reduce the electrical activity of the muscle during the movement of the jaw and reduce pain. Surgery through the neck offers better access to the styloid process but will produce a scar. [10] Eagle's syndrome: a clinical report and review of the literature. Stylohyoid muscle in purple, "Chapter 7 - Physiologic Changes in Sleep", "7 - Intraoperative Complications: Bleeding", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stylohyoid_muscle&oldid=988143719, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles to be expanded from January 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 November 2020, at 10:31. reporting information on how you use it. Authors M Fusconi 1 . with other hyoid muscles, it fixes the hyoid bone. The stylohyoid muscle is a slender muscle in the neck, which lies along the upper edge of the posterior belly of the digastris muscle. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. The styloid process projects from the inferior part of the petrous temporal bone and offers attachment to the stylohyoid ligament and the stylohyoid, stylopharyngeus, and styloglossus muscles. Before Myofascial pain syndrome can result in severe pain in the stylohyoid muscle; treatment includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce pain and inflammation. The stylohyoid muscle (musculus stylohyoideus in Latin) is one of the suprahyoid muscles of the neck that stretches between the base of the skull and the hyoid bone. Do you feel overwhelmed by so many muscles? The internal jugular vein is responsible for draining venous blood from the stylohyoid muscle. Its function is to draw the hyoid bone in a backward position to elevate the tongue, primarily when swallowing. our 'Cookies The information we provide is grounded on academic literature and peer-reviewed research. Because of the proximity of several large vascular structures in this area this procedure should not be considered to be risk free. The muscle begins at the flexor retinaculum in, The movement of the upper arm and shoulder is controlled by a group of four muscles that make up the rotator cuff. All of these pathologic conditions result in tension and reduced distensibility of the stylohyoid complex (SHC), with resultant irritation of the surrounding cervical structures with movement of the complex. The main symptom of Eagle syndrome is pain usually on one side of your neck or face,. Before Orofacial pain and stylohyoid complex syndrome. For more information about the suprahyoid muscles and other muscles of the ventral neck, take a look below: Stylohyoid muscle: want to learn more about it? Some people also experience tinnitus and neck pain. Disclaimer. Surgery through the mouth requires removal of the tonsils , and it can be more difficult for the surgeon to access the styloid process. 2011 Sep;137(9):952; author reply 952. doi: 10.1001/archoto.2011.733. Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F. & Agur, A. M. R. (2014). In addition, it lifts the base of the tongue up when swallowing. eCollection 2022 Jan. Medicine (Baltimore). There is also pain upon turning the head or extending the tongue. Its origin is the styloid process of the temporal bone. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Saudi Dent J. External and middle ear, opened from the front. Other symptoms may include voice alteration, cough, dizziness, migraines, occipital neuralgia, pain in teeth and jaw and sinusitis or bloodshot eyes. and transmitted securely. It is usually nearly straight, but may be curved in some individuals. Some doctors now offer endoscopic surgery, which uses a tube with a camera attached to access the styloid process. Medial aspect. Using Moon, C.-S., Lee, B.-S., Kwon, Y.-D., Choi, B.-J., Lee, J.-W., Lee, H.-W., Ohe, J.-Y. The pain may get exacerbated by movements such as speaking, swallowing, yawning, or head-turning. In this study, the Eagles syndrome exhibited unilateral symptoms along with a bilateral elongation of the styloid process. 2023 Usually normal stylohyoid process is 2.53cm in length, if the length is longer than 3cm, it is classified as an elongated stylohyoid process. Reading time: 4 minutes. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the [4] Therefore, the incidence of stylohyoid syndrome may be about 0.16%. Buhmann S, Kanz KG, Lenz M, Vogel T, Kichhoff RM. [citation needed] The styloid process gives attachments to several muscles, and ligaments. Surg Radiol Anat. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Read more. directly identify anyone. For people who undergo surgery, the outlook may be even better. It belongs to the group of suprahyoid muscles.[2]. (Label for styloid process is bottom center. The stylohyoid muscle receives arterial blood from branches of the facial, occipital and posterior auricular arteries. [1] First described by American otorhinolaryngologist Watt Weems Eagle in 1937,[4] the condition is caused by an elongated or misshapen styloid process (the slender, pointed piece of bone just below the ear) and/or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament, either of which interferes with the functioning of neighboring regions in the body, such as the glossopharyngeal nerve. Results: In both the classic and vascular form, the treatment is surgical. There were 7 patients, 5 of whom were female. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. Physiopedia is not a substitute for professional advice or expert medical services from a qualified healthcare provider. Epub 2012 Aug 16. The pain is characteristically either dull or sharp, radiating to the temporal area, posterior pharyngeal wall, sternocleidomastoid muscle, ear, and supraclavicular region. In others, this is merely an anatomical difference or a change related to age. That is usually the journal article where the information was first stated. The site is secure. [1], Its proximal (tympanohyal) part is ensheathed by the tympanic part of the temporal bone (vaginal process), whereas its distal (stylohyal) part gives attachment to several structures. Computed tomographic findings included elongated styloid processes (3 sides), ossified stylohyoid ligaments (2 sides), and elongated hyoid bones (3 sides). this tool will Available from: I give my consent to Physiopedia to be in touch with me via email using the information I have provided in this form for the purpose of news, updates and marketing. management, and accessibility. Muscles of the neck. This action also results in tongue retraction and lengthening the floor of the mouth. According to the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD), about 4 percent of the population has an unusually long styloid process. Living with chronic pain can also cause depression, anxiety, and relationship problems. It inserts on the body of the hyoid. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Accessibility It results in sharp shooting pain unilaterally in the jaw. Read more. Would you like email updates of new search results? Gallaway, E., Bayoumi, S., Hammond, D., & Halsnad, M. (2017, August 1). Learn more, Pansinusitis occurs when all the sinus cavities in the face are infected and inflamed. how the website functions. This human musculoskeletal system article is a stub. Close to its insertion point, the muscle is briefly split into two slips by the intermediate tendon of digastric muscle which passes through the belly of stylohyoid muscle. Elmas, F., & Shrestha, B. L. (2017, September 28). We link primary sources including studies, scientific references, and statistics within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Having the tonsils removed can cause damage to the nerves that surround the muscle and cause scar tissue to form. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. [citation needed]. Other options may include other disorders of muscle, ligament and fascia (728.89). Neck Muscles* . It is typically caused by an unusually long styloid process bone, which is a pointy bone just beneath the ear. A rare cause for cervical pain: Eagle's syndrome. Right side of the skull. [1] It serves as an anchor point for several muscles associated with the tongue and larynx. 2015 Feb;124(2):158-61. doi: 10.1177/0003489414546399. [1], The styloid process gives attachments to several muscles, and ligaments. 2016 Feb;20(2):196-205. doi: 10.1002/ejp.707. Left side. (Styloid process visible at center bottom.). Repair of a damaged carotid artery is essential in order to prevent further neurological complications. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. See additional information. The treatment for this syndrome is mainly surgical. The pain is typically a dull and throbbing ache that may include a feeling that something is stuck in the throat. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020818. The stylohyoid ligament connects it to the hyoid bone in your neck. It is part of the suprahyoid muscle group which connects the hyoid bone to the mandible and skull. According to one study, around 95 percent of people receiving endoscopic surgery for Eagle syndrome said that their symptoms were either wholly or partially relieved. The site is secure. this may affect Case report: An atypical presentation of Eagle syndrome. I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half. It shares this muscle's innervation by the facial nerve, and functions to draw the hyoid bone backwards and elevate the tongue.Its origin is the styloid process of the temporal bone.It inserts on the body of the hyoid. The stylohyoid is located just in front of the digastric muscle, which lifts the tongue back when swallowing. The stylohyoid muscle originates from the temporal styloid process; it is a thin and long muscle that lies parallel to the posterior belly of the digastric. Copyright This site needs JavaScript to work properly. There are four suprahyoid muscles in total, the other three being the mylohyoid, geniohyoid and digastric muscles. analytics One notable one is myofascial pain syndrome, which causes severe pain in these muscles. This condition is also known as Eagle syndrome. The stylohyoid muscle has its origin from the styloid process of the temporal bone and inserts on the lateral surface of the body of the hyoid bone at its junction with the greater cornu. The classic one, mainly characterized by pain and dysphagia, and the carotid variant characterized by pain and sometimes by cerebral ischemia. FOIA It is one of the suprahyoid muscles. We'd also like to set optional Intervention: along with other suprahyoid muscles , it functions during chewing, swallowing, and phonetics. [5], In vascular Eagle syndrome, the elongated styloid process comes in contact with the internal carotid artery below the skull. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The largest and strongest muscle in, The extensor pollicis longus muscle begins at the ulna and the interosseous membrane, a tough fibrous tissue that connects the ulna and the radius in. Eagles syndrome happens when an elongated styloid process causes a recurrent pain in the throat or a foreign body sensation, facial pain or dysphagia. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. A total of 122 were satisfied with the appearance of the small cut afterward. The stylohyoid muscle extends between the temporal and hyoid bones. It is a small slender muscle, lies on the upper border of posterior digastrics muscle. Palastanga, N., & Soames, R. (2012). The muscle starts at the styloid process, a pointed part of the skulls temporal bone, which lies just below the ear and functions as an anchor point for a number of muscles. All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. 2022. An official website of the United States government. Severe cases may require. [citation needed], The styloid process arises from endochondral ossification of the cartilage from the second pharyngeal arch. Computed tomographic scan, frequently with volume-rendered 3-dimensional reconstructions, identified the pathologic condition. The tissues in the throat rub on the styloid process during the act of swallowing with resulting pain along the glossopharyngeal nerve. Extrinsic muscles of the tongue. Sharp, shooting pain in the jaw, back of the throat, base of the tongue, Sensation of having a foreign object in throat, Pain from chewing, swallowing, turning the neck, or touching the back of the throat, This page was last edited on 16 April 2023, at 20:55. The styloid process is a slender outgrowth at the base of the temporal bone, immediately posterior to the mastoid apex. The muscle shares its innervations with the facial nerve. One should have a high level of suspicion when neurological symptoms occur upon head rotation. The supraspinatus muscle is a rotator cuff muscle located in the shoulder, specifically in the supraspinatus fossa, a concave depression in the rear, The quadratus plantae is a muscle in the foot that extends from the anterior (front) of the calcaneus (heel bone) to the tendons of the digitorum. It is more common in women, with a male:female ratio ~ 1:2. Severe cases require trigger point injections to deal with the condition. stylohyoid muscle (innervated by the facial nerve) [citation . An elongated styloid process may put pressure on the throat and compress nearby nerves or blood vessels, causing pain. J Calif Dent Assoc. The digastric muscle in its posterior portion could be the site of a rare complication of otitis . Read more, Physiopedia 2023 | Physiopedia is a registered charity in the UK, no. Stylohyoid muscle transfer in marginal mandibular nerve palsy. There is no known cure to this syndrome, although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, are prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation. There . Clinically Oriented Anatomy (7th ed.). Anyone who experiences symptoms associated with Eagle syndrome should see a doctor who specializes in pain conditions, or ask a dentist or primary care physician for a referral. Bookshelf The quadriceps femoris is a group of muscles located in the front of the thigh. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The styloid process is a slender and pointed bony process of the temporal bone projecting anteroinferiorly from the inferior surface of the temporal bone[1] just below the ear. Neck. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6IGlYy91-8, https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Stylohyoid&oldid=291324. Throughout its course, stylohyoid has several important relations: Stylohyoid receives innervation from the stylohyoid branch of the facial nerve (Cranial nerve 7). The stylohyoid is paired and narrow muscle in close proximity to the digastric muscle, extending along the superior border of its posterior belly. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the MeSH [3] References elevates the hyoid bone and draws it backwards, elongating the floor of the mouth. Eagle syndrome after a fracture of complete ossified stylohyoid ligament from indirect trauma treated using local steroid injection: A case report. Hold the pose for a few seconds and slowly lower the head to its original starting position. 2008 Mar-Apr;12(2):131-3. It can also damage surrounding parts of the body and nerves of the face. It is essential to the process of eating. Anatomy, head and neck, stylopharyngeus muscles. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Transoral resection of stylopharyngeus calcification: a unique manifestation of a stylohyoid complex syndrome. Anatomy and human movement: structure and function (6th ed.). It has many variations but these variations do not necessarily produce clinical symptoms. It could occur spontaneously or could arise since birth. Etiology of chronic neck pain includes neck sprain, mechanical or muscular neck pain, myofascial pain syndrome, postural neck pain as well as pain due to degenerative changes.We report the case of a 42 year old secretary, complaining about a longer history of neck pain and limited movement of . The temporal styloid process is a slender bony process of the temporal bone extending downward and forward from the undersurface of the temporal bone[1] just below the ear. Grounded on academic literature and research, validated by experts, and trusted by more than 2 million users. All rights reserved. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Included is detail on anxiety and the symptoms of the, Exostosis is a bone spur or outgrowth from the surface of a bone. Attachments: Arises from the styloid process of the temporal bone and attaches to the lateral aspect of the hyoid bone. The stylohyoid muscle is a facial muscle located in the neck. Cookie Control Link Icon. The superior SCM may still be tender to touch but will itself be free of trigger points or twitch responses. Stylohyoid is a paired muscle located in the anterior triangle of the neck. A person with this condition may worry that something is seriously wrong and delay medical treatment out of fear.